Research Library

The IAD Blog

Technical deep-dives into peptide biochemistry, signaling pathways, analytical chemistry, and research protocols. Written for laboratory researchers.

For research purposes only. Not for human consumption.

Research Protocols·8 min read

Lyophilized Peptide Handling: Storage Conditions, Reconstitution, and Stability Data

A practical research guide to lyophilized peptide handling protocols — covering lyophilization chemistry, appropriate reconstitution solvents, storage temperature regimens, degradation pathways, and stability data from published pharmaceutical literature.

IAD Research Team·April 9, 2026
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Quality & Analytics·8 min read

HPLC and Mass Spectrometry: How Certificates of Analysis Verify Peptide Identity and Purity

A technical guide to interpreting peptide certificates of analysis (COAs), covering reversed-phase HPLC purity methodology, ESI-MS and MALDI-TOF identity confirmation, and what separates research-grade from substandard peptide material.

IAD Research Team·April 8, 2026
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Compound Research·9 min read

GHK-Cu: Copper Coordination Chemistry and Transcriptomic Analysis

An in-depth research review of GHK-Cu (glycyl-L-histidyl-L-lysine copper(II)), covering copper coordination geometry, redox chemistry, and transcriptomic profiling studies revealing its effects on gene expression networks in vitro.

IAD Research Team·April 7, 2026
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Compound Research·11 min read

Retatrutide (LY3437943): Multi-Receptor Pharmacology Across GLP-1R, GIPR, and GCGR

A pharmacological analysis of retatrutide (LY3437943), a triple agonist peptide targeting GLP-1R, GIPR, and GCGR. Covers receptor binding kinetics, cAMP signaling, biased agonism, and current clinical research data.

IAD Research Team·April 6, 2026
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Compound Research·10 min read

TB-500: Actin Sequestration, ILK Signaling, and Cytoskeletal Dynamics

A mechanistic review of TB-500 (synthetic Thymosin β4 fragment) research, focusing on G-actin sequestration, ILK/PINCH/parvin signaling at integrin adhesions, and cytoskeletal remodeling in preclinical research models.

IAD Research Team·April 5, 2026
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Compound Research·10 min read

BPC-157: NO/VEGF Pathway Signaling and FAK-Paxillin Axis Research

A mechanistic review of BPC-157 (Body Protection Compound-157) research, covering its interactions with nitric oxide synthase, VEGF receptor signaling, and the FAK-paxillin focal adhesion axis in preclinical models.

IAD Research Team·April 3, 2026
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Research Fundamentals·9 min read

Research Peptides 101: Molecular Structure, Synthesis, and Classification

A technical overview of peptide biochemistry — from primary sequence and conformational geometry to solid-phase synthesis and purity validation for laboratory research.

IAD Research Team·April 1, 2026
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